Psychosis

What is psychosis?

Psychosis is a condition that affects the way a person thinks, perceives reality, and behaves. It can cause significant disturbances in thinking, emotions, and behaviour, leading to experiences such as delusions (false beliefs) and hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren't real). Psychosis can severely affect a person's ability to function in daily life and may be caused by a variety of factors, including mental health disorders, substance use, trauma, or medical conditions. Though psychosis can be frightening and disorientating, it is treatable with the right support and intervention. Early treatment is key in managing symptoms and preventing long-term issues.

Types of psychosis

Psychosis can be classified into different types, including:

• Schizophrenia: A long-term mental health disorder that often involves symptoms of psychosis, such as delusions, hallucinations, and disorganised thinking. It typically requires ongoing treatment and management.
• Bipolar disorder with psychotic features: People with bipolar disorder may experience psychosis during extreme mood episodes, especially during manic or depressive phases.
• Delusional disorder: Involves the presence of persistent delusions (false beliefs) without other major symptoms of psychosis.
• Substance-induced psychosis: Psychosis caused by the use of drugs or alcohol, or withdrawal from substances.
• Psychotic depression: A form of depression where a person experiences both depressive symptoms and psychotic symptoms, such as delusions or hallucinations.

Signs and symptoms of psychosis

The signs and symptoms of psychosis can vary, but often include:

• Delusions: False beliefs that aren't grounded in reality, such as believing you have special powers or that others are plotting against you.
• Hallucinations: Perceptions of things that aren't there, like hearing voices, seeing things, or feeling sensations that others don't experience.
• Disorganised thinking: Difficulty organising thoughts, which can make speech incoherent or hard to follow.
• Behavioural changes: Acting in unusual or bizarre ways, such as speaking nonsensically or becoming suspicious and withdrawn.
• Cognitive impairment: Problems with memory, concentration, and decision-making.
  

The impact of psychosis

Psychosis can impact many aspects of life:

• Social relationships: Delusions and hallucinations can make it hard to trust others or engage in meaningful conversations, leading to social withdrawal and isolation.
• Work or school: Cognitive difficulties and disruptive symptoms can make it hard to focus or complete tasks, affecting productivity and success.
• Physical health: The stress caused by psychosis can lead to neglect of self-care, and the side effects of medications can also affect physical health.
• Safety concerns: Delusions and hallucinations can lead to risky behaviours, as individuals may act on false beliefs or perceptions.

How to manage and treat psychosis

Psychosis is treatable, and with the right care, many people can recover or manage their symptoms.

A treatment plan may include:

• Medication: Antipsychotic medications are commonly used to manage symptoms. These medications help regulate chemicals in the brain, particularly dopamine. It may take time to find the right medication and dosage.
• Psychotherapy: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and other therapeutic approaches can help individuals understand their condition, challenge delusional thinking, and develop better coping strategies. Therapy can also provide support for both individuals and their families.
• Hospitalisation: In severe cases, a person may need to be hospitalised temporarily for stabilisation and intensive treatment.
• Family support: Family members can play a crucial role in providing emotional support and helping the person stick to their treatment plan.
• Lifestyle changes: Maintaining a healthy routine, regular sleep, stress management, and a balanced diet can all support overall well-being and reduce the risk of relapse.

How we can help

If you or someone you care about is experiencing psychosis, professional support is essential. Our team of experienced mental health professionals is here to provide tailored treatment and support to help manage symptoms, develop coping strategies, and improve quality of life. We work closely with you to create a holistic approach that addresses both the psychological and practical aspects of recovery, helping you or your loved one regain stability and well-being.